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    KNEC Grading System

    Celebra uses the official Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) grading system for all exam results.

    Grade Scale

    The KNEC grading system uses 12 grade points from A (highest) to E (lowest):

    GradePercentage RangePointsInterpretation
    A80% - 100%12Excellent
    A-75% - 79%11Very Good
    B+70% - 74%10Good
    B65% - 69%9Fairly Good
    B-60% - 64%8Average
    C+55% - 59%7Fair
    C50% - 54%6Satisfactory
    C-45% - 49%5Acceptable
    D+40% - 44%4Below Average
    D35% - 39%3Weak
    D-30% - 34%2Very Weak
    EBelow 30%1Fail

    How Grades Are Calculated

    Celebra automatically calculates grades using this formula:

    Grade Calculation
    1. 1. Calculate percentage: (score / total_marks) × 100
    2. 2. Match percentage to grade range
    3. 3. Assign corresponding grade and points

    Example:

    Score: 72/100 → Percentage: 72% → Grade: B+ (10 points)

    Mean Grade Calculation

    For overall student performance, the mean grade is calculated by:

    1. Sum all subject points
    2. Divide by number of subjects
    3. Round to nearest grade

    Example: A student with points 10, 9, 8, 11, 7, 9, 8 in 7 subjects:
    Total = 62, Mean = 62/7 = 8.86 → B- (rounds to 9 points)

    Pass Rate Calculation

    In Celebra, the pass rate is calculated as:

    • Pass - Grade C- (45%) or above
    • Fail - Grade D+ (44%) or below

    This aligns with university admission requirements in Kenya where a minimum of C+ is typically required for degree programs.

    Grade Distribution in Analytics

    The exam analytics dashboard shows grade distribution as:

    • A grades - A and A-
    • B grades - B+, B, B-
    • C grades - C+, C, C-
    • D grades - D+, D, D-
    • E grades - E only
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